Our American Declaration of Independence, written mostly by Thomas Jefferson, claims for us “… certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness–That to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among Men…” In other words, not only was the American (and California) Government established to guarantee us the Rights to Life and Liberty, but also the Right to our Pursuit of Happiness.
For great philosophers of democracy such as Aristotle and Jefferson, “Happiness” meant fulfillment; fulfillment of our “Telos” or purpose in life. This means the ability to develop our talents fully, which enables us to reach our full individual human potential. If you have the talents/abilities to become a doctor, engineer, computer scientist, teacher, nurse, sculptor, automotive technician, or aircraft mechanic, governments have been charged with the responsibility of guaranteeing us the Right and Opportunity to do so. Jefferson, in addition to others such as Horace Mann, John Dewey, Susan B. Anthony, and Harriett Tubman, was a strong proponent of American Public Education, including civic education which enables people to become active, critical thinking citizens. In this vein, Thomas Jefferson once said, “I know of no safer repository of power than the people themselves; if, on occasion, the people make the wrong decision, we must not take power away from the people, but we must inform them toward the right decision.”
These great pioneers of public education invented it and gave it to America and the world. Governor Pat Brown and University of California President Clark Kerr established the California Master Plan For Higher Education in 1960 to guarantee tuition free/affordable Higher Education to all California high school graduates. The spirit of the Master Plan flourished from 1960 to the early 1980’s. Former Governors Pete Wilson and Arnold Schwarzennegger attended UC Berkeley Law School and Santa Monica College, respectively, tuition free and only paid a small fee– at UC and Cal State the fee was less than $100 per semester, and at Santa Monica (community) College the fee was $6 per semester for all 15 units, not $6 per unit. I started teaching at Foothill College and City College of San Francisco in the 1970’s and my students paid $6 fee per semester for a full load of classes!